
Interview: How Shazam sells 160,000 tracks a day

The most downloaded iPhone app in the US, according to research by comScore, is Facebook. In the UK, tellingly, it's iPint from Carling, but in Europe it's Shazam.
The music discovery service that identifies a piece of recorded music via a mobile's mic reached a total of 50million users across all platforms in October 2009 (15million on the iPhone). The goal is to double this figure by the end of 2010.
Even the fact that five months ago the London-based startup introduced a paid-for version of its iPhone app – Shazam Encore – and limited the free version to five tags per month for new users doesn't seem to have stood in its way.
"The reason we introduced Encore," explains CEO Andrew Fisher, "is because we had a lot of user feedback saying that people felt Shazam was worth paying for. We also wanted to converge with other platforms because, outside of the iPhone, we do charge.
"The hardest part was educating people that we'd changed our business model. We didn't remove the experience for existing users: people could continue to use Shazam on an unlimited basis. Encore is really for new users that then came into the service from November onwards."
Encore, which is available for a one-off payment of £2.99, comes with a new design, unlimited tagging, faster performance and a range of extra features such as music search and geolocation ticketing. When you tag a song, Shazam now determines where you are and tells you if that artist is playing concerts in your area (or in a radius of 25 miles) and gives you the chance to buy tickets directly through the app. There's also music recommendations.
"A lot of people think of us just as a music recognition service, but actually our strategy is to help people discover a song they like, be able to buy the song and share that experience via Twitter and Facebook.
"We've seen very high usage of the recommendations engine, and we do collaborative filtering, so if you and I both tagged the same track, there's a correlation between all the other songs we've identified. We present the strongest correlation, which means that the recommendations tend to be very accurate around a particular genre of music."
However, Fisher insists Shazam isn't trying to compete with Pandora or Last.fm. In fact, it's just announced Encore's integration with both services. "People can take advantage of their Pandora and Last.fm accounts to use Shazam to discover music. If they want to create a radio station or listen to the music via a stream, they can go directly from the tag results page to their Last.fm or Pandora account. It's complementary.
"There's no company that completes the whole music experience. We want to create a very seamless experience for the consumer, so Shazam becomes the entry point."
No phoney
Although Shazam as a company has been around for 10 years (it started as a text service), the turning point came with the release of the first iPhone app in 2008. Around the same time Shazam became profitable, and the user base started growing exponentially.
"It's true we had tremendous support from Apple, particularly in North America," Fisher says. "We're growing with the iPhone and 15million people on the iPhone is a reasonable proportion, but there are 4.5billion mobile phones in the world today, as opposed to 1.7billion PCs. Our success milestone is to get to 100million people that have used Shazam, but that's still only two per cent of the market.
"There really hasn't been a company that's just focused on the mobile and built its audience around that. That's our goal and we don't expect to be alone. We expect four or five companies to have very large audiences with more than 300million users in the next five years.
"Most companies are focused on the iPhone, Android, RIM and other platforms but we're committed to supporting mid-or low-end handsets in regions such as Latin America, Africa, the Middle East and certain parts of Asia-Pacific as well, because unless you support those devices you're not going to build a company that has 250million users. Our strategy is to be ubiquitous and in order to achieve that goal, we need to build for those other handsets."
Every day Shazam identifies two million songs, and every week 750,000 new users are discovering the service. Eight per cent of people who tag a track go on to purchase it on affiliate stores. That's around 160,000 tracks daily. It has turned Shazam into iTunes' biggest reseller on mobile. So what actually happens when you hold your phone in the air?
"We look at the instruments and the vocal performance within a piece of music as well as the sound waves," Fisher, who joined Shazam five years ago, explains.
"Every instrument has a different sound wave at a point in a song. We cut the song into five or 10 second samples and create a pattern between the peaks and troughs in the wave. That's what we call a fingerprint. Even if the same artist is playing the same song in a different studio, there would be a subtle difference in the waves."
Shazam is able to recognise cover versions as well as tracks speeded up by DJs and filter out additional sounds in noisy nightclubs. The team, led by co-founder and chief scientist Avery Wang, is continually refining the algorithm to make it faster and more accurate.
To be able to identify a song, it has to be in Shazam's fast-growing database, which currently holds around eight million entries. Music is sourced automatically, through XML feeds from record labels, and manually, if the music is on vinyl, for example.
"If the act hasn't been signed yet but it's been played in a nightclub and becoming very popular in the underground world, it needs to be on our database. One of our core competencies is being able to source that music before it gets into the mainstream. We share our information and that often leads to acts being signed by record labels."
No public entry
At the end of last year Shazam, which employs around 100 people, took an undisclosed investment from Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers, a venture capital firm that has backed some of the biggest digital brands, including Google, Amazon and eBay. Fisher, however, claims there are no immediate plans to go public.
"We do want to build a global brand but, at our current scale, an IPO wouldn't be appropriate," he says. "The primary reason we took the investment from Kleiner Perkins wasn't money. We'd evolved from a technology company to a consumer-facing company and needed help to build a brand in a very viral way.
"The money that we've taken in we're going to use for product development, again for building viral features that people see a lot of value in and want to tell their friends about. That's how we grow our community."
Shazam is also looking into video, but the most significant development to come out of the labs is SARA, Shazam Audio Recognition Advertising. The program enables brands and broadcasters to use Shazam to extend their campaigns to mobile. It launched with a Dockers TV ad during the Super Bowl broadcast that could be tagged via Shazam, linking the viewer to a branded content page that included a khaki pant giveaway.
"This goes beyond the music application," Fisher explains, "and is positioning Shazam as an interactive advertising platform. We have access to a device that almost every consumer has in their home. SARA will also be used for interactive programming, where you can get exclusive content from broadcasters delivered back to your phone and PC.
"The most important thing for the advertising industry is that Shazam has 50million consumers across 200 countries who already have this technology, so it's a ready-made audience for them to engage with."
Shazam is on a roll. This announcement will raise its popularity even more. On track to reach its 100million-user milestone by the end of the year, Shazam has what it takes to become the world's first breakthrough mobile app company.
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Review: Asus Rampage III Extreme

The Republic of Gamers motherboards from Asus have always been the performance kings of its product catalogue, and as such have always had a fairly hefty price premium slapped on top of them. They're not just great performing items, they also come with all the bells and whistly things you could want in a board.
In short, the ROG mobos are the money's-no-object parts you throw in your machine if you never have to ask how much they cost. At £330, the oversized X58- based Rampage III Extreme (R3E) definitely fits then, but it's not a board that you can just throw into a PC to instantly make it faster.
It's designed to be the overclockers' motherboard of choice. We're not just talking the sort of person who wants a couple of extra FPS in their favourite shooter, oh no. This board is designed for people with a penchant for liquid nitrogen and names like sno.lcn and Sf3d.
The R3E has a specific LN2 Mode jumper that helps sub-zero temperature overclocking when the cold-boot bug stops the CPU posting at such low temps. Generally you'd need to heat up the CPU before carrying on, but the LN2 Mode allows the serious liquid nitrogen overclockers to keep going.
There are also specific voltage points for measuring what's happening in separate bits of the system, from the CPU to PCIe and beyond.
It's got whole new features for remote overclocking, too, bringing back the ROG Connect system of linking up to a separate laptop and controlling and monitoring the rig's specifics from there.
There's also now a Bluetooth connection that allows you to boot, reset, monitor and overclock from a compatible mobile phone too. Granted, you need either a Windows Mobile 6.1/6.5 or Android 2.0 device, but it's an interesting development away from the BIOS screen.
Fast and loose
But this is an incredibly niche market, as there are very few of us who really need these sorts of extreme overclocking capabilities. This isn't a mass-market board (at over £300 it was never going to be), this is a board to put into high-end, prebuilt, pre-overclocked systems worth thousands. This is a board to win overclocking events, to post numbers higher than other manufacturers, to make people associate Asus with the fastest motherboards on the planet and hope the trickle-down effect keeps people loyal to it.
So is it going to do all that? Well, if our experience of this board is representative then it might just. It's nothing special at stock speeds, but start playing around and the board leaps away from the competition.
We paired it with a suitably pricey chip, the Core i7 980X six-core monster, and we managed a 1GHz plus overclock without breaking a sweat. The Intel Extreme board we tested the chip with last issue could barely get to 3.9GHz without falling over where the R3E hit 4.4GHz in a trice.
If you want the X58 overclockers' board, the Rampage III Extreme is where it's at. But you may have to remortgage the house and sell the kids if you want the sort of setup to do it justice…
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Review: Overclockers UK Titan Viper

There simply is no perfect price point to buy full PCs at any more. You used to have the fairly standard £300, £500, £1,000, then £1,000+ rigs, but with so many high-performance component options coming in such varied prices, you can now find a rig to suit exactly what you're willing to pay.
The machines we've looked at recently bear that out – last month we had £600 and £700 rigs, the issue before there were £2,800 and £900 and before that was YOYOtech's £5,500 beast. This month we've got a different price point again, but this is one that will surely make you sit up and take notice.
Sure, £1,600 is no bargain price, but in performance terms OCUK's Titan Viper is standing tall with all the big boys we've seen recently. In gaming terms though it's the Sapphire HD 5970 that's making the Viper stand out.
Despite Nvidia's recent GTX 480-shaped response to AMD's dominance of the DX11 graphics market, the HD 5970 is still by far the fastest graphics card. The twin HD 5870s powering the YOYOtech Fi7epower MLK3 are still demonstrably faster, but require a bit more cash, some careful rejigging of the rigging inside your case and one hell of a PSU.
The Titan Viper has also got the respin of the Core i7 920 – the snappily titled Core i7 930. It's a slightly faster version of the classic Bloomfield chip – clocked at 2.8GHz rather than 2.67GHz – but still with all the overclocking goodness of its forebear.
In purely computational terms the chip is lightning. It's as quick in Cinebench as the ludicrously expensive Core i7 975 when that's clocked over 4GHz too. And, at only 38 seconds, it's incredibly close to the six-core Gulftown timings of 31 seconds.
Speed racer
Overclockers UK has been smart with the rest of the bundled componentry too. Intel's brand new 40GB X25-V value SSD takes care of the now ubiquitous speedy boot drive, but you've still got the capacious stylings of a 1TB Seagate HDD to back it, and everything else, up.
There's also only 6GB of 1600MHz RAM in there too – anything more is effectively just window dressing and number-chasing.
The Gigabyte X58 board is another piece of good business. It's not the most feature-rich of Gigabyte's mobo line up, but it still comes with the goodness of USB 3.0, and is a fantastically performing board for the cash.
Overclockers UK has done some impressive work speccing this machine, and the overclock is as stable as they come. Unfortunately, if you keep your BIOS up to date with manufacturer updates, that immediately invalidates the warranty. You're in a better spot with a fully built system, and BIOS updates aren't always necessary if your rig's working properly.
Machines from CyberPower and Scan don't have such restrictions, so if you do always update your motherboard, it's worth thinking about.
The price/performance ratio on the Titan Viper is damned impressive. Being able to keep pace with rigs almost three times the price is incredible, and garnering the same performance as one costing £1,200 more is truly astounding.
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Opinion: A decent LCD screen is the best PC investment you can make

Rack up a few years in tech journalism and it's all too easy to become blasé. Would sir care for a new six-core processor? Perhaps an expensive SSD would suit sir better? Very well, if you must.
However, casual but comprehensive access to the best kit also makes it abundantly clear just how much impact any upgrade has on the end-user experience. Despite my proven predilection for slices of silicon, it's not graphics chips, SSDs or even CPUs that top the tables.
Instead, a decent LCD display is the single best and longest lasting investment you can make for your PC. There's nothing else as transformative to your day-to-day computing pleasure.
As ever, there is a catch. LCD panels are blighted by baloney. By that I mean that the official specifications quoted by monitor manufacturers are often misleading at best. That's partly because you get far more variance from one supposedly identical LCD panel to the next than you do, for instance, with two CPUs.
But I reckon it's also because monitor makers know that punters don't have the expertise or equipment to keep them honest. How is your average Joe supposed to confirm his pricey new panel delivers on its alleged 1,000:1 contrast ratio?
Frankly, he can't. By contrast – no pun intended – it's trivial to check whether a CPU really hits its claimed clockspeed or if one graphics card cranks out more frames per second than another.
Despite all that, a few simple factoids will put you en route to something approaching flat panel perfection.
Firstly, forget contrast ratios, viewing angles and claimed colour depth. It's all about the panel type. There are three key LCD panel technologies: TN, IPS and PVA.
TN is cheapest and nastiest. Nippy pixel response aside, it falls short of the other two by every image quality metric.
IPS is usually the choice of graphics professionals thanks to its superior colour accuracy, while PVA offers the deepest blacks and most vibrant images, making it a good choice for general use.
The key point is that panel type trumps any other specification. The latest TN panels, for instance, are claimed to achieve the same 1,000:1 static contrast as a good PVA monitor. And yet there's no doubting that, subjectively, blacks look much better on a PVA panel.
A further weakness of TN tech is colour depth. Truth is, TN panels are only capable of 6 bits per colour channel. That works out at around 250,000 colours, compared to the minimum 16 million delivered by PVA and IPS.
To compensate, most TN monitors use a trick called dithering. This involves approximating an intermediate colour by rapidly jumping between two adjacent colours. If that seems like a kludge, it is. Indeed, look closely at some TN panels and you can see the pixels fizzing away as they hop between colour states. Apparently, this is good enough for nearly all makers of TN monitors to claim 16 million colour capability. Shocking.
Next, beware fancy-sounding image enhancement technologies. The most common are pixel overdrive and dynamic contrast. The first is designed to improve the responsiveness of LCD panels by pumping elevated voltages into the pixels. While often effective, it can be problematic. If used too aggressively, it can generate a visual artifact known as inverse ghosting, which takes the form of a dark trail behind moving objects.
Ironically, overdrive can also introduce a noticeable delay between the output from the graphics card and the image displayed. Known as input lag, it's typically noticed as laggy response to mouse inputs. At it's worst it can make your PC feel infuriatingly sluggish.
As for dynamic contrast, that's a ruse that adjusts the backlight intensity on the fly to suit the brightness of the image being rendered. It sounds like a good idea in theory, but thanks to the laggardly response of the CCFL backlights found in the vast majority of monitors, it doesn't work well in practice. In fact, it's so ineffectual I suspect the only reason it exists is because it's cheap to implement and allows manufacturers to fluff up their figures.
Disgracefully, some manufacturers are not always explicit about whether dynamic technology is responsible for their quoted contrast performance. But it's pretty easy to tell. Anything over 1,000:1 and certainly anything over 3,000:1 will very likely be courtesy of dynamic contrast.
Finally, remember that, to date, any monitor claiming to be 'LED-powered' is just a conventional LCD display with a big, dumb LED backlight. Local dimming, as seen in HDTVs, has yet to arrive in PC monitors – so don't say I didn't warn you.
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Review: Kingston SSDNow V Series 30GB

Many things would make our computing lives simpler. A Euromillions lottery win, for instance, wouldn't exactly hurt. Even a little one that we had to share with a syndicate of bakers from Turin and a nice old lady from County Tipperary. At the very least, we could pull the trigger on an array of pointlessly pricey solid state drives without caring whether their snappy performance would last longer than a week.
Back in the real world, where such trivialities as money actually matter, SSD performance doubts present a real conundrum. Thanks, therefore, goes to Kingston for making things even more complicated with the latest addition to its SSDNow V Series of affordable SSDs.
At 30GB in size, the new SNV125-S2 is cutting things fine in terms of capacity. It's probably intolerably small, even as a boot and application drive.
Thanks to the unusually low price for an SSD, however, it offers the tantalising prospect of tag teaming a pair for 55GB's (formatted) worth of mahoosive RAID-powered, solid-state performance. Just think, SSDs in RAID 0 for under £150. Sexy.
Complete control
But we mustn't allow sordid images of of SSD-on-SSD action to distract us from the serious task at hand.
Crucial to any SSD is its controller. In this case it's the same Toshiba T6UG1XBG item we sampled an issue or two ago in Kingston's 128GB V+ Series drive. It's a controller chosen as much for cost as performance, but it does support the Windows 7 TRIM command. And that means performance shouldn't fall off dramatically over time.
All of this begs the question of how it performs out of the box. Kingston claims peak read and write performance of 180MB/s and 50MB/s. That compares well with Intel's 40GB value drive, the X25-V, which is rated at 175MB/s and 35MB/s respectively. What's more, the Intel drive costs an extra £30.
Our testing reveals this 30GB'er clocks in just over 190MB/s for sequential reads and around 55MB/s for writes. Less impressive is random write performance – in low single-digit territory in terms of MB/s. Intel's value drive typically manages over 20MB/s for random writes.
However, arguably the more intriguing comparison is between a pair of these cheap 30GB drives in a RAID 0 array, and a larger, more performance orientated single drive. Like Intel's X25-M G2 80GB drive, perhaps, yours for around £190. If peak performance is what you care about, you'll need the RAID solution.
A pair of SNV125-S2s will spew out data at a scarcely believable 383MB/s – much faster than an X25-M. Write performance is admittedly more modest at 113MB/s, but it's still quicker than the Intel drive. The snag once again, though, is random performance, which is well behind what a single Intel drive can achieve.
How big an impact this has in the real world is hard to quantify. In our game level-load benchmark it's a dead heat, while the RAIDed Kingstons are a couple of clicks quicker in file decompression.
It's worth noting the only disk controllers that support TRIM for SSDs in RAID can be found on Intel X58, P55, H55 and H57 boards.
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Review: Intel Core i7 930

When the first Bloomfield Core i7 chips initially cropped up it was the usual, frighteningly expensive parts that hit the floor running. We were aghast at the sight of eight threads running on a single-CPU machine and the hole that it was going to leave in your pocket.
Then came the incredi-chip, the Core i7 920. At £200 it was the cheapest Core i7 around, but packed one hell of a wallop in its unassuming silicon innards, thanks to its impressive overclocking performance. The next stepping of the chip, the 920 D0, only served to further improve its prospects.
But now there's the Core i7 930, a chip charged with being the best value X58 i7 CPU around. So, what's different with this new pretender then?
Well the first thing to notice is the stock speed: at 2.8GHz it's clocked slightly higher than its elder brethren, giving superior performance straight out of the box. The real key to this new chip though, is the higher CPU multiplier that the 930 is sporting under the hood. It's only slightly bigger than the 920's 21x at 22x, but that extra should make all the difference when tweaking the clocks.
And that's exactly what this CPU, like the i7 920 before it, is for. This is a cheap(er) chip for the overclockers that want the sort of performance you get from significantly more expensive CPUs. With the upped multiplier, and the stability that comes from an already established design and manufacturing process, this chip is all set to top the incredible overclocking performance that the 920 achieves.
To this end, we plumbed the 930 into our test bench with the new Rampage III Extreme (R3E) overclocker's board from Asus. At stock speeds it rolls much as you would expect from a slightly speedier version of the 920. It's several seconds faster in the Cinebench rendering test and only a little faster in World in Conflict (WiC) and the X264 encoding test.
Clock it up
So, to the overclock. And here, typically, it's a little more complex. The R3E board is already best buds with the 920, and as such unlocks all its chip-chomping options in the BIOS, including the CPU level up – and the auto-voltage settings that entails. Because of this, we could hit a rock-solid 4.1GHz on air-cooling without turning the chip into bubbling molten slag.
Unfortunately the 930 isn't so well recognised on the Asus board, which meant that we had to do the overclocking the hard way: by ourselves. Still, it shows just what an overclockable chip this is by virtue of the fact that without any voltage tweaks on our behalf, and still on air-cooling alone, we managed to hit a stable 4.23GHz clockspeed with our i7 930.
Only in WiC though did this translate into serious performance gains over the 920, being only a second faster in Cinebench and hitting parity in the X264 encode. But is it worth the extra £40- odd you'll be dropping on the 930 over the i7 920?
In real-world terms you'll hardly notice the performance difference between them, but the extreme tweakers out there will be able to post superior numbers with some judicious voltage management. For the rest of us mortals though, the 920 is still the X58 bargain chip of choice.
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Discount code roundup: save money on tech gear

We've scoured the internet for some of the best discount-codes available, offering you savings on everything from laptops to MP3 players.
Make sure you take advantage of these deals before they expire though, and make sure you also check out our weekly Bargain Hunt for more hot deals.
Here are the best tech voucher-codes currently available:
General:
Get £10 off a £300 spend on laptops, sat-navs or MP3 players from Bennetts Electrical - offer expires 31/05/2010
Save 10% on all orders over £1000 from Currys - offer expires 12/05/2010
Digital Cameras:

Get 10% off the Samsing ST500 from Comet - offer expires 14/05/2010
Save 5 percent on the price of the Panasonic Lumix DMC-TZ8 from Comet - offer expires 18/05/2010 (Read Panasonic Lumix DMC-TZ8 review)
Mobiles:

Free Sony Playstation 3 Slim with the Samsung S5230 Tocco Lite on Orange Dolphin from e2save - offer expires 31/07/2010 (Read Samsung S5230 Tocco Lite review)
Free Vodafone 533 Ice handset on 12 month SIM Only deals (excluding £10 tariffs) from Vodafone - offer expires 31/05/2010
Free XBox 360 Elite bundle with Halo 3 and £20 cash back with the Blackberry 8250 on Orange Canary from e2save - offer expires 31/07/2010
Laptops:

Get £20 off the Asus G70S from Laptops Direct - offer expires 31/05/2010
Save £10 on the Acer Aspire 7736 from Laptops Direct - offer expries 31/05/2010
Save 5 percent on all Netbooks costing more than £250 from Comet - offer expires 16/05/2010
Software, peripherals and components:
Get 10% off all hard-drives over £50 from PC World - offer expires 12/05/2010
Save 10 percent on all Computer Software from Comet - offer expires 09/05/2010
Save £4 on orders of £45 or more on ink, toner or paper from Cartridge Monkey - offer expires 11/06/2010
Get 15 percent off the price of all mice and keyboards from Comet - offer expires 30/05/2010
5 percent of all printers from Laskys - offer expires 19/05/2010
Note: offers correct at time of posting.
Found a great online discount? Please share it in the comments section below.
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Analysis: How upset should you be at UK iPad pricing?

We never really doubted that we would be paying a UK premium on the US prices of the Apple iPad, but exactly how much more are we shelling out for the newly-priced UK version of the year's most desirable gadget?
First of all, to do a direct comparison is difficult due to tax – with different US states charging a differing amount of sales tax.
But for the sake of this article we're going to assume that you bought your iPad in California – currently the highest sales tax region - and we're even chucking in the additional sales tax which takes the figure up to 10.75 per cent of the cost of the product.
Got that?
So let's look at the cheapest iPad – the 16GB, Wi-Fi only version which is currently priced at $499.
So if you factor in the maximum sales tax of 10.75 per cent then you come to a not-very-even $552.64. So that's pretty much the most you would pay for an iPad in the US.
Now if you convert that to pounds then you get a figure of £377.69.
Which, as you can probably see, is still £51.30 less than you would pay for the same device in the UK.
But, the conversion rates are the Bank of England rates, so you would have to add more if you actually wanted a real currency conversion.
And the other oft-used excuse when tech companies explain the mark-up on their prices is that the cost of running things like retail stores and offices in the UK is much higher, and therefore the overheads increase.
(CORRECTED) Another way to look at the pricing would be to take the VAT off the UK price - which brings it down to £365.11 and convert that, which gives you a price of $536.16, 36 dollars more than the US price.
We're not condoning the pricing (or condemning it), and we're also sure that Apple doesn't lose out by its pricing, but just bear in mind when the bloke in the pub tells you that it's been marked up by £100 on the US price that this isn't strictly true.
And remember, if you think it's a bit steep then the best form of protection is simply not to buy it.
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iPad UK price and release date announced

Apple has announced iPad UK prices and release date.
iPad will be available in the UK (and Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Spain and Switzerland) on Friday 28 May.
You'll be able to pre-order all iPad models from Apple's online store from Monday 10 May.
iPad UK pricing
Apple's suggested retail prices are as follows:
£429 (inc. VAT) for 16GB Wi-Fi iPad
£499 (inc. VAT) for 32GB Wi-Fi iPad
£599 (inc. VAT) for 64GB Wi-Fi iPad
£529 (inc. VAT) for 16GB Wi-Fi + 3G iPad
£599 (inc. VAT) for 32GB Wi-Fi + 3G iPad
£699 (inc. VAT) for 64GB Wi-Fi + 3G iPad
iPad will be sold through the Apple Store, Apple's retail stores and select Apple Authorised Resellers. The iBooks app for iPad including Apple's iBookstore will be available as a free download from the App Store on 28 May.
Apple plans to release the iPad in Austria, Belgium, Hong Kong, Ireland, Luxembourg, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand and Singapore in July.
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